{ "program": "National Deaf Education Data Index", "state": "California", "state_number": "05", "postal_code": "CA", "version": "2.0", "released": "2026-09-28", "baseline": "SY 2025 (School Year 2024 - 2025)", "as_of": "2026-09-28", "url": "https://www.ndedi.org/states/ca/v2.0/", "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.23253500", "publisher": "Novara Consulting Group LLC", "summary_terms": "Free summary layer: use with attribution (STD-004 v1.0 section 3).", "formulations": { "none_found": "NONE FOUND is a statement about publication, not about service delivery.", "idea_obligations": "Obligations under IDEA are not evidence of a program." }, "plain_language_summary": "California runs one state school for Deaf students on two campuses, in Fremont and in Riverside, and the state Department of Education operates both. The two campuses enrolled 629 students in the 2024-25 school year, while the state counted 10,439 students as Deaf or Hard of Hearing, so most are taught somewhere else. That somewhere else is local: school districts, county offices of education, some charter schools, and regional special education bodies called SELPAs. This file read the website of every one of those 1,885 local bodies. Of them, 181 publish a program or a staff position for Deaf and hard of hearing students, 523 only mention hearing in passing, and 1,143 publish nothing on the subject. What a website says is not what a student receives: a body that publishes nothing may still serve its Deaf students. Published programs sit mostly with regional bodies: 42 of 58 county offices publish one, against 60 of 935 districts. A small district's own website most often says nothing (362 of 514 elementary districts), and in thirteen counties no local body publishes a program at all. California does publish how many Deaf and Hard of Hearing students each local agency has and their kind of classroom, though it hides small numbers, and it posts the yearly report on young Deaf children's language development that state law has required since 2017. No state document tells a family how to choose between the state school, a regional program and a local one. The state funds the state schools through two budget lines, 78.1 million and 50.0 million dollars in 2024-25, which also cover the School for the Blind and three assessment centers. Thirty-seven local bodies could not be read after two tries and await review by a person.", "frame": { "statement": "The frame is every unit that California law makes a local educational agency for special education and that the Department of Education's directory carried as active on the run date, 20 September 2026: 1,885 units. They are 935 school districts (345 unified, 514 elementary, 76 high school), 58 county offices of education, 136 special education local plan areas (SELPAs) on the department's directory, 3 state special schools, 4 State Board of Education units, and 749 charter schools that are their own local educational agency for special education and active in the directory. The basis is Education Code 56026.3, which names a school district, a county office of education, a nonprofit charter school participating as a member of a special education local plan area, and a special education local plan area as a local educational agency; 56195.1, which places the local plan election on district and county boards; and 47641(a), under which a charter school that gives written assurances participates as a local educational agency in an approved plan. The charter list was taken from the District of Special Education Accountability rows of the state's special education file and the active directory. Version 1.0 used funding type as its charter class and sampled the smaller units; version 2.0 is exhaustive and uses 47641 status. County community schools and juvenile court schools are read as part of the county office's row. The roster is read on the run date; the enrollment on each row is the unit's certified 2024-25 figure. Thirty-nine units with rows in the state's 2025-26 files were closed in the directory on the run date and are listed in the trail, not audited. No unit is NOT AUDITED. Thirty-seven units are NOT VERIFIABLE after two attempts (LOG-001 D-040) and are marked for deep review.", "frame_count": 1885, "exhaustive": true, "sample_rule": "", "class_exclusions": [ { "class": "Active charter schools that are not their own local educational agency for special education", "count": 494, "basis": "Education Code 47641(b): a charter school that has not given the assurances of subdivision (a) is deemed a public school of the local educational agency that granted the charter. Swept at two fetches each under the two carve-outs (a charter that is its own agency; a charter of any status that publishes Deaf or hard of hearing content); none was promoted." }, { "class": "Regional occupational centers and programs", "count": 59, "basis": "Not named as a local educational agency at Education Code 56026.3; the pupil's district of residence or SELPA holds the special education duty (Education Code 52301 read). Swept under the same carve-outs; none was promoted." } ], "deaf_blind_boundary": "The boundary runs through the State Special Schools and Services Division. The California School for the Blind is rostered and coded as the third state-operated unit because the state rosters it beside the two Schools for the Deaf, it shares their division and their SELPA, and its admission criteria name deaf-blind students; it is marked for exclusion on the Schools and Programs sheet as the blind counterpart. Its row carries the state's Deaf-Blindness cell only, which the state suppresses, and its enrollment enters no total. Deafblind pupils at that school are counted once, in this Index, under Deaf-Blindness; the school's blind and low vision pupils belong to the firm's separate blind and visual impairment index. Shared and not separable in anything read: the division and its director, SELPA 7100, state operations budget items 005 and 006, the lease revenue debt service, and the three Diagnostic Centers. Separable: certified enrollment and the special education file's rows by campus, and capital outlay by campus.", "readable_subset": 1848, "weak_evidence_count": 79 }, "normalizations_in_force": [ "Plain nondiscrimination boilerplate is not hearing content and codes NONE FOUND (FRM-004 section 3).", "Federal nutrition program boilerplate naming American Sign Language among alternative communication formats is not hearing content.", "Website accessibility boilerplate referring to blind or hearing impaired users is not hearing content.", "Naming the special education delivery mechanism (a SELPA, a county office, a state school, another district) without hearing content codes MENTION, with the mechanism in its own column; a bare link codes NONE FOUND with the provider recorded.", "An outside agency named solely for gifted education, food service, childcare, adult education or website work does not lift NONE FOUND.", "A named teacher of the deaf, Deaf and hard of hearing teacher, educational interpreter or educational audiologist position codes PROGRAM with the weak-evidence flag where no program is described.", "A job description, job classification, salary schedule, posting or board agenda contract naming such a position, published without a program page, codes PROGRAM with the weak-evidence flag.", "School nurse hearing screening alone codes MENTION.", "A page reproducing only the eligibility categories or the state definition codes MENTION, not PROGRAM and not NONE FOUND.", "Obligations under IDEA are not evidence of a program.", "Abbreviation collisions are opened and read before any hit is counted (CSD, DHH, HOH, ASL in course lists and in nutrition notices).", "No large unit keeps a code derived from a retrieval failure; every failure goes to the rendered browser.", "California: a local plan or annual service plan that lists service codes with no described service codes MENTION; low incidence funding recitals with no service, the thirteen-category recital, parent interpreter procedural language and public hearing notices are standing false positives.", "California: a district that operates a regional program under a SELPA memorandum is coded on what it publishes, with the operator's side recorded in the note.", "LOG-001 D-037: a Deaf or hard of hearing service named only as an item in a list of services is recorded in the page's words with its evidence form; a district or charter so placed is MENTION; a regional agency (a county office or a multi-district SELPA) is PROGRAM on weak evidence; a list that describes the service or names the staff who deliver it is PROGRAM on weak evidence for any unit.", "LOG-001 D-038: a SELPA whose pages describe a program operated by its administrative county office or by a member district is PROGRAM, with the operator in the provider column; a single-district SELPA takes its district's code.", "LOG-001 D-010: a rostered unit that operates no school is NOT OPERATING (the Division of Juvenile Justice SELPA, code 7200, whose division closed on 30 June 2023).", "LOG-001 D-039, D-040 and D-043: a unit is NOT VERIFIABLE only after two attempts on different days, the second with a search for the unit's current site accepted only on the directory's street address or telephone number; every row says how its site was reached." ], "method_limitations": "Method as applied. The roster was built from the department's directory files by CDS code on 20 September 2026. Every frame unit was first read by a delegated fetch agent (1,885 units in 207 chunks, five to eight fetches a unit), and the compiler then re-read in a rendered browser every PROGRAM row, every SELPA and county office not coded PROGRAM, every retrieval failure, every district of 4,000 pupils or more coded MENTION or NONE FOUND, and every unit the first pass could not read; 411 rows rest on the browser and 1,474 on the delegated pass. The entity directory. The Schools and Programs sheet holds sixteen entities: the state schools and state-level bodies, two regional day schools, one district program and the four private programs. The local programs that version 1.0 listed there (it carried 65 entities) are carried on the District Coverage sheet, where every unit now has a row with its delivery mechanism, its operator, its evidence and its captures. This adapts the entity directory of STD-002 to an exhaustive frame and is stated here as that specification requires. Known limitations. (1) A first-pass NONE FOUND is reliable on a small site and less so on a large one: every recode in the browser came from a page the agent's fetches did not reach, and districts under 4,000 pupils coded MENTION or NONE FOUND were not re-read. One such miss was found at the build by comparing version 1.0's PROGRAM codes with this version's: Centralia Elementary (3,995 pupils), which publishes a described program with three named teachers of the deaf; the fleet could not read its site and the compiler's probe then read three pages, none of them a special education page, and coded NONE FOUND. It is corrected. Seventy-four closure rows coded MENTION or NONE FOUND rest on a read that reached no special education page, and they are the first re-run target, ahead of the small first-pass rows. The same comparison over the SELPA rows, matched by name, corrected three more at the build (Solano County SELPA, whose program sits in a memorandum linked as a PDF that the browser probe does not open; San Mateo County SELPA and its county office, whose described service the first pass did not reach; Greater Anaheim SELPA, on a board agenda), and it leaves fourteen units that version 1.0 coded MENTION and this version codes NONE FOUND as the second re-run target. (2) A quoted string in a first-pass row is as the agent returned it, except that a long dash in an agent's return was written as a hyphen when the rows were collected, so a hyphen inside a first-pass quotation may stand for the source's dash; the row says that the string is the agent's. In closure rows 197 quotations were confirmed against a held capture and 10 were not found in one. (3) 398 PROGRAM and MENTION rows carry no two-file capture, because the first pass read them by fetch; their codes cannot be checked against a held page. (4) Thirty-seven units are NOT VERIFIABLE after two attempts and await deep review; they enroll 29,505 pupils on the certified 2024-25 enrollment column (two have no enrollment row), of whom 17,612 are in ABC Unified. (5) The SELPA addresses did not come from the state directory, whose SELPA page does not give up its link targets to the run's tools: 114 were carried from the version 1.0 audit list and 16 SELPAs were reached through their host agency's site; every such row is flagged. (6) The regional_unit column is empty: the department's SELPA membership file was located and not parsed. (7) The identified counts are the state's reporting district rows, pupils counted where they are educated; the state suppresses small cells, so only 73 rows carry a number and the publication measure runs on those alone. A charter unit carries no identified count because the state publishes none at school level. (8) State regulations were read on a secondary mirror, because the official host requires the owner's approval of every page load. Several department pages, the agents' research returns and the PDFs they summarize are delegated extractions and are marked as such on their Sources rows. (9) Operator silence is counted from what the rows record; the first pass was not asked to search each site for the state schools by name, so the affirmative lists are a floor. (10) Schema 1.2 has no keys for the directory route flag and the discovery method (LOG-001 D-043); they are written into the row's note and held in the audit rows file and the flags table under 01_Evidence.", "tallies_by_code": [ { "code": "PROGRAM", "count": 181, "percent_of_frame": 9.6, "percent_of_readable": 9.8 }, { "code": "MENTION", "count": 523, "percent_of_frame": 27.7, "percent_of_readable": 28.3 }, { "code": "NONE FOUND", "count": 1143, "percent_of_frame": 60.6, "percent_of_readable": 61.9 }, { "code": "NOT VERIFIABLE", "count": 37, "percent_of_frame": 2, "percent_of_readable": null }, { "code": "NOT AUDITED", "count": 0, "percent_of_frame": 0, "percent_of_readable": null }, { "code": "OUT OF FRAME", "count": 0, "percent_of_frame": 0, "percent_of_readable": 0 }, { "code": "NOT OPERATING", "count": 1, "percent_of_frame": 0.1, "percent_of_readable": 0.1 } ], "tallies_by_type": [ { "agency_type": "Charter school, own LEA for special education", "code": "PROGRAM", "count": 2 }, { "agency_type": "Charter school, own LEA for special education", "code": "MENTION", "count": 197 }, { "agency_type": "Charter school, own LEA for special education", "code": "NONE FOUND", "count": 536 }, { "agency_type": "Charter school, own LEA for special education", "code": "NOT VERIFIABLE", "count": 14 }, { "agency_type": "County office of education", "code": "PROGRAM", "count": 42 }, { "agency_type": "County office of education", "code": "MENTION", "count": 9 }, { "agency_type": "County office of education", "code": "NONE FOUND", "count": 7 }, { "agency_type": "Elementary school district", "code": "PROGRAM", "count": 11 }, { "agency_type": "Elementary school district", "code": "MENTION", "count": 120 }, { "agency_type": "Elementary school district", "code": "NONE FOUND", "count": 362 }, { "agency_type": "Elementary school district", "code": "NOT VERIFIABLE", "count": 21 }, { "agency_type": "High school district", "code": "PROGRAM", "count": 5 }, { "agency_type": "High school district", "code": "MENTION", "count": 22 }, { "agency_type": "High school district", "code": "NONE FOUND", "count": 49 }, { "agency_type": "SELPA", "code": "PROGRAM", "count": 75 }, { "agency_type": "SELPA", "code": "MENTION", "count": 35 }, { "agency_type": "SELPA", "code": "NONE FOUND", "count": 24 }, { "agency_type": "SELPA", "code": "NOT VERIFIABLE", "count": 1 }, { "agency_type": "SELPA", "code": "NOT OPERATING", "count": 1 }, { "agency_type": "State Board of Education authorized charter", "code": "MENTION", "count": 3 }, { "agency_type": "State Board of Education authorized charter", "code": "NONE FOUND", "count": 1 }, { "agency_type": "State special school", "code": "PROGRAM", "count": 2 }, { "agency_type": "State special school", "code": "MENTION", "count": 1 }, { "agency_type": "Unified school district", "code": "PROGRAM", "count": 44 }, { "agency_type": "Unified school district", "code": "MENTION", "count": 136 }, { "agency_type": "Unified school district", "code": "NONE FOUND", "count": 164 }, { "agency_type": "Unified school district", "code": "NOT VERIFIABLE", "count": 1 } ], "operator_silence": [ { "provider": "California School for the Deaf, Fremont", "provider_names_count": null, "agencies_naming_provider_count": 4, "affirmative_list": [ "4970904 Roseland", "3467314 Elk Grove Unified", "SELPA-3313 Moreno Valley Unified SELPA", "SELPA-3411 Elk Grove Unified SELPA" ] }, { "provider": "California School for the Deaf, Riverside", "provider_names_count": null, "agencies_naming_provider_count": 3, "affirmative_list": [ "3367215 Riverside Unified", "SELPA-3312 Riverside Unified SELPA", "SELPA-3313 Moreno Valley Unified SELPA" ] }, { "provider": "California School for the Deaf, campus not named on the unit's page", "provider_names_count": null, "agencies_naming_provider_count": 3, "affirmative_list": [ "3066522 Garden Grove Unified", "3467314 Elk Grove Unified", "3968593 Manteca Unified" ] }, { "provider": "California Deafblind Services", "provider_names_count": null, "agencies_naming_provider_count": 2, "affirmative_list": [ "4710470 Siskiyou County Office of Education", "SELPA-4700 Siskiyou County SELPA" ] } ], "publication_against_identified_population": { "supported": true, "identified_population": { "value": 10439, "year": "SY 2024-25", "source_n": 3, "note": "Deaf 2,483 plus Hard of Hearing 7,956, state row of spedps2425." }, "published_programme_capacity": { "value": 4011, "year": "SY 2024-25", "source_n": 3, "note": "Recomputed from COVERAGE: the sum of identified_hi_count over units coded PROGRAM whose count the state publishes as a number (36 units). It counts identified pupils in units that publish a program, not program places." }, "note": "The state suppresses small cells with an asterisk, so the measure runs on the 73 district, county office and state school rows that carry a published number (5,129 pupils, 49 percent of the statewide 10,439); 608 rows carry the asterisk and their pupils cannot be placed. Of the 5,129, 4,011 are in 36 units coded PROGRAM, 751 in 18 units coded MENTION and 367 in 19 units coded NONE FOUND. Units the state reports with a measurable population that publish nothing (NONE FOUND), with the state's count: Corona-Norco Unified 81; Madera Unified 31; Modesto City Elementary 31; Porterville Unified 23; Rialto Unified 20; East Side Union High 17; Placentia-Yorba Linda Unified 16; Hollister 14; Walnut Valley Unified 14; Merced Union High 13; Alta Loma Elementary 13; Richland Union Elementary 13; West Covina Unified 12; Tracy Joint Unified 12; Salinas City Elementary 12; Lammersville Joint Unified 12; Delano Union Elementary 11; Perris Elementary 11; Norris Elementary 11. A SELPA or a charter unit carries no count, so programs published at the SELPA level are outside the measure. NONE FOUND is a statement about publication, not about service delivery." }, "indicators": [ { "indicator": "Pupils with IEPs whose primary category is Deaf, statewide (state file)", "figure": { "value": 2483, "year": "SY 2024-25", "source_n": 3, "note": "spedps2425, state row DC_DFHI, Charter School = All. 2025-26 beside it: 2,483, the same number, as both files print it." } }, { "indicator": "Pupils with IEPs whose primary category is Hard of Hearing, statewide (state file)", "figure": { "value": 7956, "year": "SY 2024-25", "source_n": 3, "note": "State row DC_HH. 2025-26 beside it: 7,824." } }, { "indicator": "Deaf and Hard of Hearing categories together, statewide (state file): the identified population of this file", "figure": { "value": 10439, "year": "SY 2024-25", "source_n": 3, "note": "2,483 plus 7,956, added by the compiler. The quantity comparable to the hearing impairment category of a one-category state." } }, { "indicator": "Pupils with IEPs whose primary category is Deaf-Blindness, statewide (state file)", "figure": { "value": 77, "year": "SY 2024-25", "source_n": 3, "note": "State row DC_DB. Never added to the hearing key. 2025-26 beside it: 83." } }, { "indicator": "Pupils with IEPs, all categories, statewide (state file)", "figure": { "value": 865213, "year": "SY 2024-25", "source_n": 3, "note": "State row TA. The fourteen category rows sum to it; the reporting district rows and the DSEA rows each sum to it." } }, { "indicator": "Federal IDEA Section 618 child count, California, Hearing impairment, ages 3 to 21", "figure": { "value": 10538, "year": "2024-25", "source_n": 83, "note": "School age (5 to 21) 9,810 plus early childhood (3 to 5) 728; the compiler summed the environment rows and they match the file's totals. Recorded beside the state file's 10,439 and never reconciled." } }, { "indicator": "Federal IDEA Section 618 child count, California, Deaf-blindness, ages 3 to 21", "figure": { "value": 77, "year": "2024-25", "source_n": 83, "note": "School age 73 plus early childhood 4. The federal all-disabilities total for California is 870,993 against the state file's 865,213; recorded, not reconciled." } }, { "indicator": "Educational environment by disability category: does the state publish it (the streak at FRM-005 section 5)", "figure": { "value": "Yes", "year": "SY 2024-25", "source_n": 3, "note": "Every category row of the state file carries six program setting columns at state, county, reporting district and DSEA level. THE STREAK BREAKS HERE: v1.0 recorded that California publishes none." } }, { "indicator": "Deaf category by program setting, statewide (state file)", "figure": { "value": "regular class 80 percent or more 627; 40 to 79 percent 348; less than 40 percent 714; separate school and other settings 657; preschool setting 137", "year": "SY 2024-25", "source_n": 3, "note": "Columns PS_RCGT80_N, PS_RC4079_N, PS_RCL40_N, PS_SSOS_N, PS_PSS_N of row DC_DFHI; they sum to 2,483. Column meanings per the department's file structure page (delegated extraction)." } }, { "indicator": "Hard of Hearing category by program setting, statewide (state file)", "figure": { "value": "regular class 80 percent or more 5,594; 40 to 79 percent 826; less than 40 percent 846; separate school and other settings 203; preschool setting 487", "year": "SY 2024-25", "source_n": 3, "note": "Row DC_HH; the columns sum to 7,956." } }, { "indicator": "Federal 618 educational environments, California, Hearing impairment, school age", "figure": { "value": "regular class 80 percent or more 6,227; 40 to 79 percent 1,174; less than 40 percent 1,560; separate school 753; residential facility 1; homebound or hospital 10; correctional 3; parentally placed in private schools 82", "year": "2024-25", "source_n": 83, "note": "The rows sum to 9,810." } }, { "indicator": "Identified counts by local agency by category: does the state publish them", "figure": { "value": "Yes, with suppression", "year": "SY 2024-25", "source_n": 3, "note": "Reporting district and DSEA rows carry the Deaf, Hard of Hearing and Deaf-Blindness categories; the state prints an asterisk for small cells. Of this file's district, county office and state school rows, 73 carry a published combined count and 608 carry the state's asterisk." } }, { "indicator": "Placement criteria absence (FRM-005 section 4): an instrument giving a family or a team criteria for choosing between a state school, a district program, a regional program and a private placement", "figure": { "value": "None found", "year": "2026", "source_n": 49, "note": "Checked: the department's Deaf and Hard of Hearing unit page and division page, the SB 210 pages, both schools' admission and outreach pages, the Office of Deaf Access, the Newborn Hearing Screening Program page, Early Start, California Deafblind Services and the OPTION member pages. The Riverside school lists \"Placement guidance\" as an outreach service and publishes no document. The SB 210 milestones are a language tracking tool, not a placement framework. Nothing published explains how the two state schools divide the state beyond county lists." } }, { "indicator": "SB 210 annual report on language and literacy development of deaf and hard-of-hearing children from birth to five (Education Code 56326.5(g))", "figure": { "value": "Published: nine annual reports, 2016-17 to 2024-25", "year": "2016-17 to 2024-25", "source_n": 49, "note": "The statute requires a report on or before each 31 July from 2017, made available on the department's website. The department's Deaf Education page links, under the heading SB 210 Reports, nine reports titled from SB 210 Report for the 2016-2017 Academic Year to SB 210 Report for the 2024-2025 Academic Year (delegated extraction, 21 September 2026). The reports were not opened for this file, so nothing in them is carried here." } }, { "indicator": "National Deafblind Child Count, California, children on the 1 December count (birth through 21)", "figure": { "value": 1050, "year": "1 December 2024", "source_n": 85, "note": "1,077 served during the year. By age: 0 to 2, 36; 3 to 5, 92; 6 to 11, 278; 12 to 17, 364; 18 to 21, 246; over 21, 18; unknown 16. Recorded beside the state's Deaf-Blindness category count of 77 and never reconciled: the national count is a census of children with combined vision and hearing loss whatever category the state reports them under." } }, { "indicator": "Newborn Hearing Screening Program, 2023: births; screened; referred; identified deaf or hard of hearing; enrolled in early intervention; lost to follow-up between screening and diagnosis", "figure": { "value": "395,080; 393,280; 2,050; 921; 701; 86", "year": "2023", "source_n": 57, "note": "Delegated extraction of the department's 2023 data PDF; the labels are the agent's reading of the document's rows and the compiler has not seen the PDF. 701 of 921 is the state's own pair of figures; the Index computes no rate." } }, { "indicator": "CDC Early Hearing Detection and Intervention survey, California row", "figure": { "value": null, "year": "2022", "source_n": 58, "note": "Not reached: the index page names 2022 as the latest year and both addresses tried for the state tables answered HTTP 404. Re-run target." } }, { "indicator": "CalEdFacts: pupils served by the two Schools for the Deaf, as the department describes them", "figure": { "value": "approximately 900", "year": "undated (page reviewed 2025-10-22)", "source_n": 50, "note": "Against 629 certified for 2024-25 (279 and 350) and 622 for 2025-26 (264 and 358). CONFLICT RECORDED, NOT RESOLVED, as in v1.0; the page was reviewed again since and still says so. Delegated extraction." } }, { "indicator": "CalEdFacts special education page, 2023-24: total; Deafness; Hearing Impairment; Deaf Blindness", "figure": { "value": "850,995; 2,815; 9,534; 95", "year": "SY 2023-24", "source_n": 51, "note": "Against the downloadable file for the same year (spedps2324): 836,846; 2,548; 8,129; 87. CONFLICT RECORDED, NOT RESOLVED (flag F-01). The CalEdFacts categories sum to the page's total. Delegated extraction." } }, { "indicator": "Special education local plan areas on the department's directory, by code", "figure": { "value": 136, "year": "2026", "source_n": 53, "note": "Delegated extraction; v1.0 counted 133. The count includes five charter-only SELPAs and four state-agency SELPAs (7100, 7200, 7300, 7400). The page's link targets could not be read by the run's tools (see the directory route flags)." } }, { "indicator": "OPTION Schools members in California", "figure": { "value": 4, "year": "2026", "source_n": 61, "note": "CCHAT Sacramento, Echo Horizon School, John Tracy Center, Weingarten Children's Center. Delegated extraction." } }, { "indicator": "Legislative Analyst's Office, 2016: Deaf and hard of hearing students and spending, as the report states them", "figure": { "value": "approximately 14,000 students; more than $400 million a year", "year": "2016 (costs for 2014-15)", "source_n": 75, "note": "The report's own words, delegated extraction. It gave state special school costs for 2014-15 of $75,000 per day student and $103,000 per residential student, and a district reimbursement of about $7,000. The Index computes no per-pupil figure; these are the Analyst's, with the Analyst's denominators." } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Fremont, 2014-15", "figure": { "value": 410, "year": "SY 2014-15", "source_n": 10, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Fremont, 2015-16", "figure": { "value": 392, "year": "SY 2015-16", "source_n": 10, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Fremont, 2016-17", "figure": { "value": 380, "year": "SY 2016-17", "source_n": 10, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Fremont, 2017-18", "figure": { "value": 375, "year": "SY 2017-18", "source_n": 11, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Fremont, 2018-19", "figure": { "value": 372, "year": "SY 2018-19", "source_n": 11, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Fremont, 2019-20", "figure": { "value": 350, "year": "SY 2019-20", "source_n": 11, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Fremont, 2020-21", "figure": { "value": 318, "year": "SY 2020-21", "source_n": 12, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Fremont, 2021-22", "figure": { "value": 318, "year": "SY 2021-22", "source_n": 12, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Fremont, 2022-23", "figure": { "value": 294, "year": "SY 2022-23", "source_n": 12, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Fremont, 2023-24", "figure": { "value": 300, "year": "SY 2023-24", "source_n": 9, "note": "Census Day enrollment file, total row of the school's district-level record" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Fremont, 2024-25", "figure": { "value": 279, "year": "SY 2024-25", "source_n": 7, "note": "Baseline year" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Fremont, 2025-26", "figure": { "value": 264, "year": "SY 2025-26", "source_n": 8, "note": "Later year, carried beside the baseline and never in its place" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Riverside, 2014-15", "figure": { "value": 355, "year": "SY 2014-15", "source_n": 10, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Riverside, 2015-16", "figure": { "value": 345, "year": "SY 2015-16", "source_n": 10, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Riverside, 2016-17", "figure": { "value": 352, "year": "SY 2016-17", "source_n": 10, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Riverside, 2017-18", "figure": { "value": 361, "year": "SY 2017-18", "source_n": 11, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Riverside, 2018-19", "figure": { "value": 348, "year": "SY 2018-19", "source_n": 11, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Riverside, 2019-20", "figure": { "value": 337, "year": "SY 2019-20", "source_n": 11, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Riverside, 2020-21", "figure": { "value": 342, "year": "SY 2020-21", "source_n": 12, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Riverside, 2021-22", "figure": { "value": 298, "year": "SY 2021-22", "source_n": 12, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Riverside, 2022-23", "figure": { "value": 293, "year": "SY 2022-23", "source_n": 12, "note": "Enrollment by School historical file, Census Day rows summed over race and gender by the compiler in the container from the filed extract" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Riverside, 2023-24", "figure": { "value": 324, "year": "SY 2023-24", "source_n": 9, "note": "Census Day enrollment file, total row of the school's district-level record" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Riverside, 2024-25", "figure": { "value": 350, "year": "SY 2024-25", "source_n": 7, "note": "Baseline year" } }, { "indicator": "Certified Census Day enrollment, California School for the Deaf, Riverside, 2025-26", "figure": { "value": 358, "year": "SY 2025-26", "source_n": 8, "note": "Later year, carried beside the baseline and never in its place" } } ], "identified_population_series": [ { "year": "SY 2022-23", "identified_hi": 10700, "identified_db": 83, "source_n": 6 }, { "year": "SY 2023-24", "identified_hi": 10677, "identified_db": 87, "source_n": 5 }, { "year": "SY 2024-25", "identified_hi": 10439, "identified_db": 77, "source_n": 3 } ], "fiscal": [ { "channel": "Named appropriation: State Special Schools, General Fund, Proposition 98 (Budget Act item 6100-006-0001)", "status": "populated", "amount": 78123000, "fiscal_year": "2024-25", "enacted_or_appropriated": "appropriated", "instrument": "Budget Act appropriation 006 (State Special Schools), Department of Education state operations", "citation": "2026-27 State Budget (enacted), 6100 Department of Education, Detail of Appropriations and Adjustments, 0001 General Fund, Proposition 98", "note": "Dollars as printed in thousands and carried here in dollars. The item funds all State Special Schools and Services (two Schools for the Deaf, the School for the Blind and three Diagnostic Centers); no document read separates the Schools for the Deaf. The baseline amount is the 2024-25 column of the latest document that prints it (the 2026-27 enacted budget, where 2024-25 is the past year); the 2024-25 and 2025-26 enacted documents print 78,388 for the same year. v1.0 did not carry this item.", "series": [ { "fiscal_year": "2022-23", "amount": 72441000, "basis": "past year column, 2024-25 enacted budget document" }, { "fiscal_year": "2023-24", "amount": 74583000, "basis": "current year column, 2024-25 enacted budget document" }, { "fiscal_year": "2023-24", "amount": 80132000, "basis": "past year column, 2025-26 enacted budget document" }, { "fiscal_year": "2024-25", "amount": 78388000, "basis": "budget year column, 2024-25 enacted budget document (enacted)" }, { "fiscal_year": "2024-25", "amount": 78123000, "basis": "past year column, 2026-27 enacted budget document" }, { "fiscal_year": "2025-26", "amount": 78306000, "basis": "enacted; total expenditures with adjustments 84,611,000 in the 2026-27 enacted document" }, { "fiscal_year": "2026-27", "amount": 86256000, "basis": "enacted (the same figure in the Governor's Budget of January 2026)" } ] }, { "channel": "Named appropriation: State Special Schools, General Fund outside Proposition 98 (Budget Act item 6100-005-0001)", "status": "populated", "amount": 50008000, "fiscal_year": "2024-25", "enacted_or_appropriated": "appropriated", "instrument": "Budget Act appropriation 005 (State Special Schools), Department of Education state operations", "citation": "2026-27 State Budget (enacted), 6100 Department of Education, Detail of Appropriations and Adjustments, 0001 General Fund", "note": "Dollars as printed in thousands and carried here in dollars. The item funds all State Special Schools and Services (two Schools for the Deaf, the School for the Blind and three Diagnostic Centers); no document read separates the Schools for the Deaf. This is the only item v1.0 carried. The 2024-25 and 2025-26 enacted documents print 53,181 for 2024-25; the 2026-27 documents print 50,008. The Governor proposed 58,468 for 2026-27 and the enacted document prints 62,468.", "series": [ { "fiscal_year": "2022-23", "amount": 48728000, "basis": "past year column, 2024-25 enacted budget document" }, { "fiscal_year": "2023-24", "amount": 49791000, "basis": "current year column, 2024-25 enacted budget document" }, { "fiscal_year": "2023-24", "amount": 49954000, "basis": "past year column, 2025-26 enacted budget document" }, { "fiscal_year": "2024-25", "amount": 53181000, "basis": "budget year column, 2024-25 enacted budget document (enacted)" }, { "fiscal_year": "2024-25", "amount": 50008000, "basis": "past year column, 2026-27 enacted budget document" }, { "fiscal_year": "2025-26", "amount": 52950000, "basis": "enacted" }, { "fiscal_year": "2026-27", "amount": 58468000, "basis": "proposed, Governor's Budget of January 2026" }, { "fiscal_year": "2026-27", "amount": 62468000, "basis": "enacted" } ] }, { "channel": "Named appropriation: State Special Schools lease revenue debt service and lottery", "status": "populated", "amount": 11528000, "fiscal_year": "2024-25", "enacted_or_appropriated": "appropriated", "instrument": "Budget Act appropriations 002 and 093 (State Special Schools Lease Revenue Debt Service); Government Code 8880.5 (lottery)", "citation": "2026-27 State Budget (enacted), 6100 Department of Education", "note": "Item 002: 11,528 thousand in 2024-25. Item 093: 11,663 thousand in 2025-26 and 11,612 thousand in 2026-27. Lottery: 193 thousand in each of 2025-26 and 2026-27.", "series": [ { "fiscal_year": "2024-25", "amount": 11528000, "basis": "item 002, past year column" }, { "fiscal_year": "2025-26", "amount": 11663000, "basis": "item 093, enacted" }, { "fiscal_year": "2026-27", "amount": 11612000, "basis": "item 093, enacted" } ] }, { "channel": "General formula funding", "status": "not applicable", "amount": null, "fiscal_year": "n/a", "enacted_or_appropriated": "not stated", "instrument": "Education Code 59001", "citation": "Education Code 59001", "note": "The statute: the school \"is part of the public school system of the state except that it derives no revenue from the State School Fund\". The state schools are funded by the Budget Act items above and not through the local control funding formula." }, { "channel": "Special education funding mechanism: census-based (AB 602), SELPA base rate per unit of average daily attendance", "status": "populated", "amount": 896.8992228, "fiscal_year": "2024-25", "enacted_or_appropriated": "not stated", "instrument": "Education Code 56836.146 (SELPA base rate); funding to SELPAs on members' funded average daily attendance", "citation": "Department of Education, Funding Rates and Information, Fiscal Year 2024-25 (delegated extraction)", "note": "A rate, not a total. The statewide local assistance item for special education (161, General Fund, Proposition 98) prints 5,453,859 thousand for 2024-25, 5,536,102 thousand for 2025-26 and 7,890,787 thousand for 2026-27 in the 2026-27 enacted budget document. No weight attaches to a disability category in the base formula; low incidence is a separate component (next row).", "series": [ { "fiscal_year": "2024-25", "amount": 896.8992228, "basis": "SELPA base rate per unit of ADA, as the department prints it" }, { "fiscal_year": "2025-26", "amount": 917.5279049244, "basis": "SELPA base rate per unit of ADA; cost-of-living adjustment 2.30 percent; AB 602 program total 4,664,125,000" } ] }, { "channel": "Special education funding mechanism: low incidence component", "status": "populated", "amount": null, "fiscal_year": "2024-25", "enacted_or_appropriated": "not stated", "instrument": "Education Code 56836.22 and 56026.5", "citation": "Education Code 56836.22(a) to (c)", "note": "The statute divides an annual Budget Act appropriation by the statewide count of pupils with low incidence disabilities (hearing, vision, severe orthopedic) on the prior year's Fall 1 census, and apportions it to SELPAs by their counts. The state publishes the per-pupil amount and the appropriation in its interactive funding exhibits at ias.cde.ca.gov (report type P2, school year id 2024 or 2025), which reach each SELPA. This run did not read them, so the amount is left empty: a gap of this run and not of the state's. They are not on the rates pages or the AB 602 results page." }, { "channel": "High-cost aid: extraordinary cost pool", "status": "populated", "amount": 98992.16, "fiscal_year": "2024-25", "enacted_or_appropriated": "not stated", "instrument": "Education Code 56836.20 and 56836.21", "citation": "Department of Education, Funding Rates and Information, Fiscal Year 2024-25: threshold amount (delegated extraction)", "note": "The amount is the claim threshold for one placement, not an appropriation. The pool reimburses nonpublic, nonsectarian school and licensed children's institution placements and small SELPAs' mental health services. A state special school placement is not named in the sections or the pages read.", "series": [ { "fiscal_year": "2024-25", "amount": 98992.16, "basis": "threshold amount" }, { "fiscal_year": "2025-26", "amount": 101268.98, "basis": "threshold amount" } ] }, { "channel": "Federal flow-through: special education local assistance, Federal Trust Fund (Budget Act item 6100-161-0890)", "status": "populated", "amount": 1470127000, "fiscal_year": "2024-25", "enacted_or_appropriated": "appropriated", "instrument": "Budget Act appropriation 161 (Special Education), 0890 Federal Trust Fund, local assistance", "citation": "2026-27 State Budget (enacted), 6100 Department of Education", "note": "All disability categories; nothing in the document directs any part to Deaf-specific purposes. The federal deafblind project grant amount and cycle were not established in this run (see CA-006).", "series": [ { "fiscal_year": "2024-25", "amount": 1470127000, "basis": "past year column" }, { "fiscal_year": "2025-26", "amount": 1481547000, "basis": "current year column" }, { "fiscal_year": "2026-27", "amount": 1455434000, "basis": "enacted" } ] }, { "channel": "Interagency and tuition mechanisms", "status": "populated", "amount": null, "fiscal_year": "n/a", "enacted_or_appropriated": "not stated", "instrument": "Education Code 59300, 59030, 59023 to 59028; Solano County SELPA Multi-SELPA DHH memorandum", "citation": "Education Code 59300; 59030; Solano County SELPA CN 0005 (2024-25 and 2026-27)", "note": "State school: the district of residence of a pupil who is not a day pupil pays the school \"an amount equal to 10 percent of the excess annual cost of education\" (59300); the district pays a day-class pupil's transportation (59030); a parent unable to pay for clothing, travel home and medical care may obtain a court certificate and the county pays (59023 to 59028). The Legislative Analyst put the district payment at about $7,000 in 2014-15. Between local agencies the statute leaves cost to the local plan and to contract (56195.7). The one priced instrument found, read by the compiler in the PDF (the text layer spaces the digits of the year; the figures are as printed): the Solano memorandum among seven SELPAs gives an \"estimated 2024-25 fee for service\" of $113,500 in the Vallejo City Unified program and $111,218 in the Solano County Office of Education program, on the method \"per pupil cost = total program cost (less LCFF revenue) / enrollment\"; for 2026-27 the figures are $88,423 and $116,680. The Index computes no per-pupil figure of its own." }, { "channel": "The market layer", "status": "not applicable", "amount": null, "fiscal_year": "n/a", "enacted_or_appropriated": "not stated", "instrument": "Education Code 56365 and 56366 (nonpublic, nonsectarian schools)", "citation": "Education Code 56365, 56366", "note": "No voucher, tax credit scholarship or education savings account was found in the code sections or the department pages read. The public route to a private placement is a nonpublic, nonsectarian school certified by the department and contracted by the local agency under a master contract. The department publishes the certified list as a spreadsheet updated quarterly (delegated extraction); whether it can be filtered for schools serving Deaf pupils was not established." }, { "channel": "Capital", "status": "populated", "amount": 14710000, "fiscal_year": "2026-27", "enacted_or_appropriated": "enacted", "instrument": "Capital outlay, General Fund, Department of Education", "citation": "2026-27 State Budget (enacted), 6100 Department of Education, capital outlay; 2024-25 and 2025-26 enacted documents", "note": "The amount shown is the largest single line: Fremont, Perimeter Security Fencing. The five-year infrastructure plan was not reached.", "series": [ { "fiscal_year": "2022-23", "amount": 97000, "basis": "Fremont School for the Deaf: Middle School Activity Center" }, { "fiscal_year": "2023-24", "amount": 562000, "basis": "Fremont School for the Deaf: Middle School Activity Center" }, { "fiscal_year": "2023-24", "amount": 545000, "basis": "Fremont: Perimeter Security Fencing" }, { "fiscal_year": "2025-26", "amount": 830000, "basis": "Fremont: Perimeter Security Fencing" }, { "fiscal_year": "2026-27", "amount": 14710000, "basis": "Fremont: Perimeter Security Fencing" }, { "fiscal_year": "2022-23", "amount": 175000, "basis": "CSD Riverside: Remove Modular Buildings" }, { "fiscal_year": "2023-24", "amount": 4096000, "basis": "CSD Riverside: Remove Modular Buildings" }, { "fiscal_year": "2025-26", "amount": 1945000, "basis": "CSD Riverside: Remove Modular Buildings" }, { "fiscal_year": "2025-26", "amount": 2704000, "basis": "CSD Riverside: Athletic Complex Replacement and Expansion, working drawings" }, { "fiscal_year": "2025-26", "amount": 1455000, "basis": "CSD Riverside: Health Services Building" } ] } ], "workforce": [ { "item": "Educational interpreter qualification required in K-12", "status": "published", "figure": { "value": "RID certification or equivalent; or a score of 4.0 or above on the EIPA, the ESSE-I/R or the NAD/ACCI assessment (5 CCR 3051.16)", "year": "2026", "source_n": 37, "note": "Secondary mirror, delegated extraction: \"An educational interpreter shall be certified by the national Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf (RID), or equivalent; in lieu of RID certification or equivalent, an educational interpreter must have achieved a score of 4.0 or above on the Educational Interpreter Performance Assessment (EIPA), the Educational Sign Skills Evaluation-Interpreter and Receptive (ESSE-I/R), or the National Association of the Deaf/American Consortium of Certified Interpreters (NAD/ACCI) assessment.\" Amended 5 May 2014, operative 1 July 2014. No provisional or waiver language on the page read. The statutory anchor the brief named, Education Code 44275.4, was read and concerns teachers prepared abroad; it is not an interpreter statute. No state board licenses interpreters for general practice." } }, { "item": "Interpreter training programs in the state", "status": "published", "figure": { "value": "Ohlone College, Deaf-Centered Interpreting Preparation Program; American River College, ASL-English Interpreter Preparation Program (A.A. and certificate of achievement); Golden West College, American Sign Language Interpreting (A.A. and certificate)", "year": "2026", "source_n": 93, "note": "Delegated extraction from the institutions' own pages. None claims accreditation and no California program is on the Commission on Collegiate Interpreter Education list as read. Six institutions the brief named were not reached (Pierce College HTTP 403; Palomar an expired certificate on a subdomain, not bypassed; Mt. San Antonio, Riverside City, San Diego Mesa and California State University, Northridge not found in the fetches made). The list is a floor. Re-run target." } }, { "item": "Teacher of the deaf and hard of hearing credential", "status": "published", "figure": { "value": "Education Specialist Instruction Credential, Deaf and Hard of Hearing specialty area, issued by the Commission on Teacher Credentialing", "year": "2022", "source_n": 86, "note": "Leaflet CL-808CA (July 2022), delegated extraction: \"Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) Includes deafness; hearing impairment; deafblind; autism; and authorizes service to individuals ages birth through 22.\" Requirements: bachelor's degree, subject matter competence, U.S. Constitution coursework, a Commission-approved Education Specialist program and the sponsor's recommendation." } }, { "item": "Teacher of the deaf preparation programs in the state", "status": "not published", "figure": { "value": null, "year": "2026", "source_n": 87, "note": "Not established: the Commission's approved programs list is an interactive dashboard whose contents did not reach the fetch tool. Not a statement that the list is withheld. Education Code 59006 lets the state schools run teacher training courses with the California State University. Re-run target in a rendered browser." } }, { "item": "Teacher of the deaf supply as the state publishes it", "status": "not published", "figure": { "value": null, "year": "2024-25", "source_n": 88, "note": "The Commission's Teacher Supply in California 2024-25 (April 2026) refers to seven Education Specialist specialty areas and gives no count for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing area (delegated extraction of the PDF). The department's staff data files page names no deaf and hard of hearing assignment code (files described, not opened)." } }, { "item": "Shortage designation (federal teacher shortage area list; state list)", "status": "not published", "figure": { "value": null, "year": "2026", "source_n": 90, "note": "Not established: the federal tool refuses the fetch tool on robots.txt and the state pages tried name no shortage area (one address answered HTTP 404). Re-run target in a rendered browser." } }, { "item": "Paraprofessional standard for DHH settings", "status": "not published", "figure": { "value": null, "year": "2026", "source_n": 37, "note": "None found on the department's Deaf and Hard of Hearing unit page or in 5 CCR 3051.16 as read on the mirror." } }, { "item": "DeafBlind intervener standard and training", "status": "not published", "figure": { "value": null, "year": "2026", "source_n": 60, "note": "The word \"intervener\" does not appear on the California Deafblind Services home page as read; a guessed subpage was not reachable. No state credential was found." } }, { "item": "Educational audiologist standard", "status": "published", "figure": { "value": "A license in audiology from the Department of Consumer Affairs licensing agency, or a credential authorizing audiology services (5 CCR 3051.2); Clinical or Rehabilitative Services Credential, Audiology (leaflet CL-610)", "year": "2026", "source_n": 38, "note": "Secondary mirror and Commission leaflet CL-610 (October 2016), delegated extraction. The credential requires a master's or higher degree in audiology and a Commission-approved program." } }, { "item": "Special education teachers statewide (state staffing file)", "status": "not published", "figure": { "value": null, "year": "2026", "source_n": 89, "note": "The department's staff data files page describes files for 2012 to 2019 only, as read; no later statewide special education teacher count was located on it. The federal row below is the fallback." } }, { "item": "Special education teachers statewide (IDEA 618 Part B personnel table)", "status": "published", "figure": { "value": 45053.61, "year": "2023-24", "source_n": 84, "note": "Full-time equivalents: 42,034.91 fully certified and 3,018.70 not fully certified. 2023-24 is the latest year posted on 21 September 2026." } }, { "item": "Paraprofessionals (IDEA 618 personnel table)", "status": "published", "figure": { "value": 74736.89, "year": "2023-24", "source_n": 84, "note": "Full-time equivalents, all reported as qualified." } }, { "item": "Interpreters (IDEA 618 personnel table)", "status": "published", "figure": { "value": 694.58, "year": "2023-24", "source_n": 84, "note": "Full-time equivalents: 629.17 fully certified and 65.41 not fully certified. The federal instrument, not a state count of working educational interpreters; the state publishes none that was found." } }, { "item": "Audiologists (IDEA 618 personnel table)", "status": "published", "figure": { "value": 196.62, "year": "2023-24", "source_n": 84, "note": "Full-time equivalents: 190.63 fully certified and 5.99 not fully certified." } } ], "schools_programs_directory": [ { "id": "CA-001", "entity_name": "California School for the Deaf, Fremont (in statute: California School for the Deaf, Northern California)", "entity_type": "State school", "operating_authority": "California Department of Education, State Special Schools and Services Division (Education Code 59002 and 59003)", "city": "Fremont", "county": "Alameda", "educational_setting": "Separate public school operated by the state, day and residential" }, { "id": "CA-002", "entity_name": "California School for the Deaf, Riverside (in statute: California School for the Deaf, Southern California)", "entity_type": "State school", "operating_authority": "California Department of Education, State Special Schools and Services Division (Education Code 59002 and 59003)", "city": "Riverside", "county": "Riverside", "educational_setting": "Separate public school operated by the state, day and residential" }, { "id": "CA-003", "entity_name": "California School for the Blind (marked for exclusion: the blind counterpart; carried for its deaf-blind pupils only)", "entity_type": "State school (blind and visual impairment)", "operating_authority": "California Department of Education, State Special Schools and Services Division", "city": "Fremont", "county": "Alameda", "educational_setting": "Separate public school operated by the state, day and residential" }, { "id": "CA-004", "entity_name": "Diagnostic Centers (North in Fremont, Central in Fresno, South in Los Angeles)", "entity_type": "State assessment centers", "operating_authority": "California Department of Education, State Special Schools and Services Division", "city": "Fremont, Fresno, Los Angeles", "county": "Alameda, Fresno, Los Angeles", "educational_setting": "Assessment, staff development and training for local educational agencies; not a school" }, { "id": "CA-005", "entity_name": "Deaf and Hard of Hearing unit, State Special Schools and Services Division", "entity_type": "State technical assistance unit", "operating_authority": "California Department of Education", "city": "Sacramento", "county": "Sacramento", "educational_setting": "Technical assistance and monitoring; no direct service described" }, { "id": "CA-006", "entity_name": "California Deafblind Services", "entity_type": "State deafblind project (federal technical assistance grant)", "operating_authority": "San Francisco State University partnership, as the project's home page describes it", "city": "San Francisco", "county": "San Francisco", "educational_setting": "Technical assistance to educational teams and families; no direct instruction described" }, { "id": "CA-007", "entity_name": "Early Start (Part C), with the local educational agency route for infants with solely low incidence disabilities", "entity_type": "State early intervention system", "operating_authority": "Department of Developmental Services (lead agency); the Department of Education and local educational agencies for infants with solely a visual, hearing or severe orthopedic impairment (Government Code 95014)", "city": "Sacramento", "county": "Sacramento", "educational_setting": "Early intervention services" }, { "id": "CA-008", "entity_name": "Newborn Hearing Screening Program", "entity_type": "State newborn hearing screening program", "operating_authority": "Department of Health Care Services (the statute names the State Department of Health Services)", "city": "Sacramento", "county": "Sacramento", "educational_setting": "Health program: screening, tracking and referral" }, { "id": "CA-009", "entity_name": "Office of Deaf Access and the Deaf Access Program", "entity_type": "State social services office (not a commission)", "operating_authority": "California Department of Social Services", "city": "Sacramento", "county": "Sacramento", "educational_setting": "Social services: interpreter services, advocacy, job development, information and referral, counseling, independent living skills, community education (Welfare and Institutions Code 10621)" }, { "id": "CA-010", "entity_name": "Marlton School", "entity_type": "District-operated day school for Deaf and hard of hearing pupils", "operating_authority": "Los Angeles Unified School District", "city": "Los Angeles", "county": "Los Angeles", "educational_setting": "Separate public day school; the school calls itself \"one of the first non-residential schools\" (delegated extraction)" }, { "id": "CA-011", "entity_name": "Davila Day School", "entity_type": "Regional day school for Deaf and hard of hearing pupils", "operating_authority": "South County SELPA and the San Diego County Office of Education (since 2009, by the school's own account; it began under Chula Vista Elementary School District)", "city": "Chula Vista", "county": "San Diego", "educational_setting": "Separate public day school" }, { "id": "CA-012", "entity_name": "San Diego Unified Deaf and Hard of Hearing program", "entity_type": "District program", "operating_authority": "San Diego Unified School District, Low Incidence Services", "city": "San Diego", "county": "San Diego", "educational_setting": "Center-based classes at three sites with itinerant services (delegated extraction)" }, { "id": "CA-013", "entity_name": "CCHAT Center Sacramento", "entity_type": "Private listening and spoken language program (OPTION Schools member)", "operating_authority": "Private nonprofit", "city": "Sacramento", "county": "Sacramento", "educational_setting": "Private school and clinic" }, { "id": "CA-014", "entity_name": "Echo Horizon School (the Echo Center)", "entity_type": "Private school with a co-enrollment program (OPTION Schools member)", "operating_authority": "Private independent school", "city": "Culver City", "county": "Los Angeles", "educational_setting": "General private school in which Deaf and hard of hearing pupils are co-enrolled" }, { "id": "CA-015", "entity_name": "John Tracy Center", "entity_type": "Private listening and spoken language center (OPTION Schools member)", "operating_authority": "Private nonprofit", "city": "Los Angeles", "county": "Los Angeles", "educational_setting": "Diagnostic and education center; preschool; a master's degree program in Deaf education" }, { "id": "CA-016", "entity_name": "Weingarten Children's Center", "entity_type": "Private listening and spoken language school and clinic (OPTION Schools member)", "operating_authority": "Foundation for Hearing (private nonprofit)", "city": "Redwood City", "county": "San Mateo", "educational_setting": "Private school and clinic" } ], "disclosure": { "relationships": [ { "body": "California Department of Education", "relationship": "prospect contacted", "since": "2026-09-16" } ], "statement": "On 16 September 2026 Novara Consulting Group LLC wrote by email to the California Department of Education and, the same day, to the superintendents of the California School for the Deaf, Fremont, and the California School for the Deaf, Riverside, about this Index; the Department replied on 17 September 2026 through the director of its State Special Schools and Services Division. No contract, payment, license, partnership or funding exists between the firm and any body named in this file. Declarations under GOV-004 Rule 4 by both co-founders state no relationship with any body named in the file and no conflict of interest with any school in California. No payment, partnership or funding alters a figure, a code, a frame decision or a finding.", "compiled": "2026-10-29" }, "notice": { "applies": true, "recipients": [ { "body": "California Department of Education (State Special Schools and Services Division; Special Education Division)", "route_used": "the Director of the State Special Schools and Services Division at her published department address (NHlibokAmann@cde.ca.gov), on the owner's direction of 8 October 2026 in place of the Special Education Division's general mailbox" }, { "body": "California School for the Deaf, Fremont", "route_used": "the superintendent's address as the department's CalEdFacts page publishes it (anovotny@csdf-cde.ca.gov); the school's own pages refused the compiler's reads" }, { "body": "California School for the Deaf, Riverside", "route_used": "the school's published mailbox (info@csdr-cde.ca.gov)" }, { "body": "California Deafblind Services", "route_used": "the project coordinator's address on the project's current site, cadeafblind.org/contact (jmaier@sfsu.edu); the domain read at the build, cadbs.org, no longer serves the project" } ], "sent": "2026-10-08", "window_closed": "2026-10-23", "responses": [], "reason": "Notice under STD-005 by the program lead's ruling of 21 September 2026: the state-level bodies the file names, the California Department of Education, the California Schools for the Deaf at Fremont and Riverside, and California Deafblind Services; no local educational agency is noticed at this version, each being served by the standing correction route (the departure from STD-005 section 2's last clause, recorded in the prompt as issued). Sent by a person from the contact of record on 8 October 2026 (Pacific); the window closed 23 October 2026 with no response and no route failure." }, "contact_of_record": { "mailbox": "notice@ndedi.org", "postal": "Novara Consulting Group LLC, 18140 Zane St NW #159, Elk River, MN 55330" }, "changelog": [ { "version": "1.0", "date": "2026-08-16", "change": "First processed. Compiled on 15 and 16 August 2026 and released without a version suffix; deemed v1.0 under LOG-001 D-011.", "cause": "first release" }, { "version": "2.0", "date": "2026-09-28", "change": "Re-audit at SY 2025 (School Year 2024 - 2025) under the third-generation prompt. The frame moved from a 526-unit sample to every unit California law makes a local educational agency for special education, 1,885 units: 935 districts, 58 county offices, 136 SELPAs, 3 state special schools, 4 State Board units and the 749 charter schools that are their own agency under Education Code 47641, with the 494 charters that are not carved out and swept. Every unit read on 20 and 21 September 2026 by a fetch fleet and then in the rendered browser; coded 181 PROGRAM, 523 MENTION, 1,143 NONE FOUND, 37 NOT VERIFIABLE after two attempts (each marked for deep review with its reason) and 1 NOT OPERATING, zero NOT AUDITED. Of the 510 v1.0 units matched by code or name, 335 keep their code and 175 change (the delta table, trail section 12). Identified population re-based to the 2024-25 state file: 10,439 (Deaf 2,483, Hard of Hearing 7,956), with the federal 618 count of 10,538 beside it; publication against identified population 4,011 of 10,439 on the 73 rows with a published number. New in this version: the two state schools' enrollment and the state special schools division read from the department's own files; the eligibility rule, the interpreter standard (Education Code 44275.4, section 3051.16) and the SB 210 report series read at source; the workforce block, the fiscal channels of FRM-003, the plain-language summary, the per-row collection under the contract (county, SELPA as the regional unit, identified counts, captures, route and depth, correction contact) and the D-043 directory route fields; 96 sources with 64 archive snapshots; the release package (schema 1.3), the report and the evidence supplement. Corrections to the first-pass research are itemized in trail section 2.", "cause": "re-audit" } ], "checks": { "release_checklist_version": "1.4", "passed": true, "run_date": "2026-10-30", "reconciliation_output_file": "05_California_reconciliation_output_2026-10-30.txt", "em_dash_count": 0, "ledger_run_ids": [ "R-2026-09-21-01", "R-2026-09-21-02", "R-2026-09-21-03", "R-2026-09-21-04", "R-2026-09-21-05", "R-2026-09-21-06", "R-2026-09-21-07", "R-2026-09-21-08", "R-2026-09-21-09", "R-2026-09-21-10", "R-2026-09-21-11", "R-2026-09-21-12", "R-2026-09-21-13", "R-2026-09-21-14", "R-2026-09-21-15", "R-2026-09-21-16", "R-2026-09-21-17" ], "custody": { "evidence_manifest_files": 2113, "evidence_manifest_check": "pass", "archive_snapshot_found": 81, "archive_no_snapshot": 74, "archive_lookup_failed": 0 }, "report_checks_file": "05_California_report_checks_2026-10-29.txt", "uk_spelling_count": 0 }, "deposit": { "repository": "zenodo", "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.23253500", "concept_doi": "10.5281/zenodo.23253499", "record_url": "https://zenodo.org/records/23253500", "deposited": "2026-10-09", "licence": "Summary layer under the free terms; the licensed files are restricted on the record (STD-004 v1.0 section 3)", "files_restricted": true }, "sources": [ { "n": 1, "title": "California Department of Education, public schools and districts directory file (dl1), as served on the run date", "url": "https://www3.cde.ca.gov/schooldirectory/report?rid=dl1&tp=txt", "access_date": "2026-09-20", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 2, "title": "California Department of Education, districts directory file (dl2), as served on the run date", "url": "https://www3.cde.ca.gov/schooldirectory/report?rid=dl2&tp=txt", "access_date": "2026-09-20", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 3, "title": "California Department of Education, special education enrollment by program setting, spedps2425.txt (Census Day, October 2024; file last modified 16 May 2025)", "url": "https://www3.cde.ca.gov/demo-downloads/sped/spedps2425.txt", "access_date": "2026-09-20", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 4, "title": "California Department of Education, spedps2526.txt (Census Day, October 2025; file last modified 14 April 2026)", "url": "https://www3.cde.ca.gov/demo-downloads/sped/spedps2526.txt", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 5, "title": "California Department of Education, spedps2324.txt (file last modified 13 June 2024)", "url": "https://www3.cde.ca.gov/demo-downloads/sped/spedps2324.txt", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 6, "title": "California Department of Education, spedps2223.txt (file last modified 25 January 2024)", "url": "https://www3.cde.ca.gov/demo-downloads/sped/spedps2223.txt", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 7, "title": "California Department of Education, Census Day enrollment file cdenroll2425.txt (posted 21 May 2025)", "url": "https://www3.cde.ca.gov/demo-downloads/census/cdenroll2425.txt", "access_date": "2026-09-20", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 8, "title": "California Department of Education, Census Day enrollment file cdenroll2526.txt (posted 16 April 2026)", "url": "https://www3.cde.ca.gov/demo-downloads/census/cdenroll2526.txt", "access_date": "2026-09-20", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 9, "title": "California Department of Education, Census Day enrollment file cdenroll2324-v2.txt (posted 22 May 2024)", "url": "https://www3.cde.ca.gov/demo-downloads/census/cdenroll2324-v2.txt", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 10, "title": "California Department of Education, Enrollment by School historical file, 2014-15 to 2016-17 (enr201416-v2.txt)", "url": "https://www3.cde.ca.gov/demo-downloads/enrsch/enr201416-v2.txt", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 11, "title": "California Department of Education, Enrollment by School historical file, 2017-18 to 2019-20 (enr201719-v2.txt)", "url": "https://www3.cde.ca.gov/demo-downloads/enrsch/enr201719-v2.txt", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 12, "title": "California Department of Education, Enrollment by School historical file, 2020-21 to 2022-23 (enr202022-v2.txt)", "url": "https://www3.cde.ca.gov/demo-downloads/enrsch/enr202022-v2.txt", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 13, "title": "California Education Code sections 59000 to 59007 (California Schools for the Deaf: establishment and administration)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=59000.", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 14, "title": "California Education Code sections 59020 to 59031 (California Schools for the Deaf: pupils)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=59020.", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 15, "title": "California Education Code section 59300 (state special schools: local contribution)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=59300.", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 16, "title": "California Education Code sections 56026.3, 56140, 56195 and 56195.1 (local educational agency; county offices; local plans and the special education local plan area)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=56195.1", "access_date": "2026-09-20", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 17, "title": "California Education Code sections 47640, 47641 and 47646 (charter schools as local educational agencies for special education)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=47641.", "access_date": "2026-09-20", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 18, "title": "California Education Code section 56000.5 (legislative findings on low-incidence disabilities and on deaf and hard-of-hearing children)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=56000.5", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 19, "title": "California Education Code sections 56345 and 56341.1 (individualized education program; communication needs of a deaf or hard-of-hearing pupil)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=56345.", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 20, "title": "California Education Code section 56326.5 (language developmental milestones; annual report each 31 July; SB 210 of 2015)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=56326.5", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 21, "title": "California Education Code section 56040.6 (language access in inclusion and universal design for learning; AB 1938, Chapter 903, Statutes of 2024)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=56040.6", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 22, "title": "California Education Code sections 56026.5 and 56836.22 (low incidence disability defined; low incidence funding)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=56836.22", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 23, "title": "California Education Code sections 56836.20 and 56836.21 (extraordinary cost pool)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=56836.21", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 24, "title": "California Education Code sections 56365 and 56366 (nonpublic, nonsectarian schools and agencies)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=56365.", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 25, "title": "California Education Code section 51225.3 (graduation requirements; American Sign Language deemed a world language)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=51225.3", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 26, "title": "California Education Code section 44275.4 (teachers prepared outside the United States)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=44275.4", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 27, "title": "California Education Code sections 56195.7 and 56361 (local plan contents; continuum of program options)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=56195.7", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 28, "title": "California Government Code section 95014 (California Early Intervention Services Act: lead agency and the role of local educational agencies)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=GOV§ionNum=95014.", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 29, "title": "California Health and Safety Code sections 124115 to 124120.5 (Newborn and Infant Hearing Screening, Tracking and Intervention Act)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=HSC§ionNum=124116.", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 30, "title": "California Welfare and Institutions Code sections 10620 to 10629 (public social services for the deaf and hard of hearing)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=WIC§ionNum=10621.", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 31, "title": "AB 1938 (2023-24), Special education: inclusion and universal design for learning: bill text and history (Chapter 903, Statutes of 2024)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB1938", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 32, "title": "AB 1051 (2023-24), Education finance: state special schools and diagnostic centers: bill history", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB1051", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 33, "title": "SB 1316 (2023-24), School employees: state special school personnel: salaries: bill history", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB1316", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 34, "title": "AB 784 (2025-26), Special education: specialized deaf and hard-of-hearing services: bill text and history (Chapter 44, Statutes of 2025)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB784", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 35, "title": "SB 1381 (2025-26), State special schools: information: bill text and history (enrolled; presented to the Governor 21 August 2026)", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1381", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "rendered browser, same-origin fetch" }, { "n": 36, "title": "California Code of Regulations, title 5, section 3030 (eligibility criteria), secondary mirror at Cornell Legal Information Institute", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/california/5-CCR-3030", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "harness fetch tool (delegated extraction)" }, { "n": 37, "title": "California Code of Regulations, title 5, section 3051.16 (specialized services for low-incidence disabilities; educational interpreters), secondary mirror at Cornell Legal Information Institute", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/california/5-CCR-3051.16", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "harness fetch tool, research agent (delegated extraction)" }, { "n": 38, "title": "California Code of Regulations, title 5, section 3051.2 (audiological services), secondary mirror at Cornell Legal Information Institute", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/california/5-CCR-3051.2", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "harness fetch tool, research agent (delegated extraction)" }, { "n": 39, "title": "California Code of Regulations, title 17, section 52022 (Early Start eligibility), secondary mirror at Cornell Legal Information Institute", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/california/17-CCR-52022", "access_date": "2026-09-21", "retrieval_method": "harness fetch tool (delegated extraction)" }, { "n": 40, "title": "California School for the Deaf, Fremont: How do I apply? 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